25 micron stainless steel mesh

pH-value

This work was supported by SECyT-UNC Consolidar tipo I [2018-2021] and FONCyT, Argentina [grant number 0821-2014]. MVV holded a EVC-CIN scholarship from SECyT UNC. AM, MFPP AND MFC hold CONICET, FONCyT and SECyT scholarships respectively, and MJS, AZ, VA, MFP and MCB are career members of CONICET.

Macromolecular oxidation was detected in proteins by the colorimetric measurement of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP) and in lipids by the colorimetric quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA). Standard curves were run with chloramine-T and 1,1,3,3 tetraethoxypropane (TEP) for AOPP and MDA methods, respectively [29], [30], [31]. Values were normalized to initial protein content in samples, measured with Bradford reagent [32]. The standard deviation of at least six measures was calculated and p-value < 0.05 were considered significant.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are commonly found in a wide-range of consumer goods, including cosmetics, sunscreens, paints and colorings, ceramics, glass, textiles, construction materials, medicine, food, food packaging, and more. In Europe, cosmetic companies are required to label products that contain nanoparticles. In the U.S., companies are not.

However, humans are not exposed to E171 in drinking water at any significant quantity over a long duration, so this potential effect is irrelevant to the human experience. It’s important to understand that a potential hazard is not the same thing as an actual risk. 

When manufacturers add titanium dioxide to foods and other ingestible products, it’s typically referred to as E171, which relates to food-grade purity.